The Writings Of John Locke And Jean Jacques Rousseau

The writings of John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau have had a significant impact on the controversy of what constitutes legitimate political power. They both believe in man’s natural mortality, and they also state that creating a social contract and legitimate government is necessary to avoid conflict. Both philosophers hold different perspectives and opinions, however they are both concerned with the same question: What renders exercises of a political power legitimate? Rousseau and Locke have several similarities within their theories, but there are also a number of substantial differences. Rousseau’s theory can be viewed as much more absolutist compared to Locke’s, because Rousseau believes that the legitimacy of political power is†¦show more content†¦Thus, the citizens become a collective body called the â€Å"sovereign†, which is considered to be the supreme authority of the state. The sovereign acts based upon the interest of the common g ood, or the â€Å"general will†. The sovereign also exercises their political power through laws, which must ensure equality and liberty. Locke defines political power as â€Å"the right of making laws with penalties of death [†¦] for the regulating and preserving of property [†¦] and in the defence of the common-wealth from foreign injury; and all this only for the public good† (8). However, he makes clear of the fact that a political power without the consent of all individuals, is not legitimate. Locke writes that â€Å"no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent. The only way whereby any one divests himself of his natural liberty, and puts on the bonds of civil society, is by agreeing with other men to join and unite into a community† (Locke 52). In other words, he says that a political society does not exist unless individuals consensually form into one. John Locke claims that men are naturally born free and equal, however they give up some of their rights to the government in order to preserve their property (64). Governmen ts only exist because of the consent of the people, and they serve the purpose of protecting the rights of individuals in a society, as well as promoting common good. Locke thenShow MoreRelatedThe Political Writings Of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke And Jean Jacques Rousseau1772 Words   |  8 PagesThe political writings of Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau focus a great deal of their work discussing various views of the state of nature, and the human nature for the establishment of political authority. These three theorists have many differing opinions of the purpose and reality of the state of nature, the purpose of government and the impact of founders and how men secure their rights. In the Leviathan, Hobbes believes that the state of nature is a constant state of warRead MoreJean Jacques Rousseau And The Declaration Of Independence Essay1459 Words   |  6 PagesJean-Jacques Rousseau was an Enlightenment thinker during the eighteenth century and is most noted f or his work The Social Contract. The Social Contract published in 1762 and is a philosophical document that expresses the ideas of popular sovereignty. Popular Sovereignty is a form of government in which â€Å"the doctrine that sovereign power is vested in the people and that those chosen to govern, as trustees of such power, must exercise it in conformity with the general will.† This is basically a fancyRead MoreEvolution and the Modern Social Contract Theory : Essay Outline1050 Words   |  5 Pagestheory of the subject. The main thinkers that we will introduce in his essay are Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, Immanuel Kant and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. 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However, Rousseau and Locke differ in their exact view of the social contract, but both agree that some individual rightsRead MoreJohn Locke’s Two Treatises of Government and Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract1135 Words   |  5 Pageswell-known and most influential thinkers of this time were the English political philosopher John Locke and the French political philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau. These two men had laid down some of the intellectual grounds of the modern day government and both had different opinions on what the government’s role in a society. John Locke published his Two Treatises of Government in 1690. In his writing Locke argued that individuals had the natural rights of life, liberty and property that the stateRead MorePolitical Theory: Property1369 Words   |  6 Pagesmodern philosophers like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau. The writings of Locke and Rousseau on property ownership are quite fascinating to compare. Both philosophers portray the early stages of man in what they refer to as the State of Nature. This paper takes a critical look at Rousseau’s conceptualization of private property and the state in relation to Locke’s works on the subject. Origins of Property in the State of Nature According to Locke, man is driven out of his primitiveRead MoreMoral Theories Of Human Rights1433 Words   |  6 Pagescoined by the philosophies of Emmanuel Kant, John Locke, Jean Jacques Rousseau, John Stuart Mill. These authors advocated for human rights in their philosophies. They brought in the aspect of political freedom, inequality and liberty within a society and also they dealt with the reality of moral theories by putting them into practice. It is apparent that the philosophers had an understanding of what human rights are. Rousseau highlighted in his writings that in natural state humans have uncorruptedRead MorePolitical and Economic Liberalism1666 Words   |  7 Pagesdifferences that occur from imbalanced negotiation positions as being the expected outcome of competition, provided that no force is used. Neither Jean-Jacques Rousseau nor John Locke would agree with a statement declaring that political and economic liberalism have not made us better off, rather they have worsened our situation. Rousseau and Locke both believe that while the government should implement laws, it is their job to only implement laws that the civil society as a whole have agreed uponRead MoreJohn Locke: Founding Father of Modern Era Liberalism1444 Words   |  6 PagesThomas Hobbes, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and John Locke are all great thinkers who were greatly influential in forming philosophies that would affect the future of politics. By analyzing each philosopher’s ideology, we can identify which thinker’s theory reflected modern era liberalism the most. For this paper I will be arguing that, John Locke provides a more compelling framework of modern era liberalism because of his perception of the state of nature, the social contract and the function of governmentRead MoreA Summary O f John Locke And Jean-Jacques Rousseau1651 Words   |  7 Pagesthrough education† (Norris, 2017, slide 20). John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau were two important philosophers of education who showed an actual respect for children and â€Å"wrote treaties that advocated more child-centered, natural approaches for the development and education of the young† (Platz Arellano, 2011, p.54). Although they differed on the nature vs nurture debate, some teaching methods and the education of girls, Locke and Rousseau did agree on many theories and their influence

Dr. Pepper free essay sample

By using the same supplier means that DPS have to follow what the competitors such as Coca Cola and Pepsi have done for the worldwide market in particular in US. This may cause costs to grow in the future but the supplier could have the advantages in producing their product by using own distribution and packaging in long term. DPS has the opportunity to expand into international markets and to growth in the Hispanic population. Bargaining Power of Supplier Threats Economic stability is a threat that will affect DPS. At this moment of recession, consumers don’t spend money and at the same time prices for natural gas, corn, pulp and other commodities that are necessary for the company increase. Also, health concerns, preferences may affect the industry. -Substitute Products Opportunities The company may see the best opportunity in high growth and high margin categories, as well as energy drinks, ready to drink teas, juice drinks and other functional beverages. We will write a custom essay sample on Dr. Pepper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Positive external trends or changes that may help an organization improve its’ performance. Substitute Products Threats Dr. Pepper Snapple group should be aware on the substitutes product offered by the competitors. The company should maintain an excellent relationship with wholesalers and retailers such as supermarket, convenience store because they are the company promoting and selling the product to the buyer. This is in case if competitors use similar characteristics and taste as DPS, the competitors may possibly dominate the market and eliminate DPS from the industrial market. -Political-Legal Opportunities The company will follow all requirements with all laws regarding political contributions. There are surely some states that allow DPS to make political contributions surrounded by specific limits and reporting supplies by using a state beverage association. The company can not use their own facility, funds or any assets to support any political candidate unless it has an approval from Government Affairs and the General Counsel’s office. The nominal legal contributions of DPS products are allowed. -Political-Legal Threats -Technological Opportunities The company recognized that they needed to increase its efforts in advertising and distribution. Therefore, the company launched a television commercial by using famous celebrities to endorse DPS by referring to the taste and flavor and stating â€Å"Trust me, I’m a doctor. † This commercial was use in the late 1980 and early 1990s, which the strategy that worked for the company. If they come out with new commercials or old commercials with new generation it may help DPS to get more sells. -Technological Threats The larger advertising budgets of competitors can be a threat to maintaining market. Some of the technological threats may be billboards, super bowl and television.

Asian Elephant Essay Example

Asian Elephant Essay Example Asian Elephant Essay Asian Elephant Essay Asian Elephant: An Endangered Species Abstract The Asian Elephant also known by its scientific name the Elephas Maximus is an endangered species. They occur in grassland, tropical evergreen forest, semi-evergreen forest, moist deciduous forest, dry deciduous forested and dry thorn forest, in addition to cultivated and secondary forests and scrublands. The Asian elephant is one of the last few mega-herbivores still in existence on earth (Owen-Smith, 1988). These elephants are highly intelligent and live long lives but due to loss of habitat and hunting their numbers have decreased. To help conserve the Asian Elephant it is protected under appendix I of CITES. The Asian Elephant has been worshipped for centuries and is still used today for ceremonial and religious purposes. Although honored for its role in Asian culture and religion it is also a key biological species in the tropical forests of Asia (WWF, n.d). This animal is threatened with extinction in the wild. While the human population is increasing the Asian Elephantâ„ ¢s habitat is shrinking fast. The Asian elephant is the largest terrestrial mammal in Asia. It is smaller than the African elephant, with relatively smaller ears. Asian elephants have a single finger on the upper lip of their trunk. Only some male Asian elephants carry tusks and females have small tushes, which rarely show. A significant number of adult males are tusk less, and the percentage of males carrying ivory varies by region, from only about 5% in Sri Lanka to 90% in south India (About Elephants, n.d.). Asian elephants keep their ears in constant motion in order to radiate the heat they generate and therefore cool themselves. The species are reported to have well developed hearing, vision, and olfaction, and are also fine swimmers. Their body length varies from 550-640cm, their shoulder height is from 250-300cm, and they weigh?  5,000kg. Their skin color is dark grey to brown, with patches of pink on the forehead, the ears, and the base of the trunk and on the chest. The Asian Elephant provides a vital role in the ecosystem that it inhabits. The Asian Elephant modifies their habitat by converting savannah and woodlands to grasslands. They also provide water for other species by digging water holes in dry riverbeds (ARKive, n.d.). Another factor that leads to their vital role in their ecosystem is that they act as seed dispersers by their fecal matter. It is often carried below ground by dung beetles and termites causing the soil to become more aerated and further distributing the nutrients (About Elephants, n.d.). Also an Asian Elephants journey through the high grass provides food for birds by disturbing small reptiles, amphibians or insects. About twenty percent of the worldâ„ ¢s human population lives in or near the present range of the Asian Elephant (WWF, n.d.). Asian Elephants are threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation to illegal hunting and trade. With the human population growing rapidly, the Asian Elephants habitat is shrinking fast and wild elephant populations are mostly small, isolated, and unable to come together as ancient migratory routes are cut off by human settlements (WWF, n.d.). Large development projects, plantations, and spreading human settlements have fragmented what was once nearby elephant habitats into small fragments. Only male Asian Elephants carry tusks and therefore poaching is aimed exclusively at males. Poaching of Asian Elephants for ivory and meat remains a serious problem in many countries, especially in southern India and in north-east India where some people eat elephant meat (ARKive, n,d,). The capture of wild elephants for domestic use has also become a threat to wild popul ations where numbers have been seriously reduced. India, Vietnam, and Myanmar have banned capture in order to conserve their wild herds, but in Myanmar elephants are still caught each year for the timber industry or the illegal wildlife trade. Efforts are being made not only to improve safety but also to encourage captive breeding rather than taking from the wild (About Elephants, n.d.). Incidents of elephants raiding crops and villages are also on the rise. This causes losses to human property and sometimes human lives. Retaliation by villagers often results in killings of these elephants. Experts already consider such confrontations to be the leading cause of elephant deaths in Asia. In some countries, the government provides compensation for crop damage or deaths caused by elephants, but there is still often strong political pressure on wildlife authorities to eliminate elephants near populated regions (WWF, n.d.). To help stop the extinction of the Asian Elephant there are many efforts being made. For example The Wildlife Conservation Society and the World Wildlife Federation have teamed up to formulate a strategy to conserve the Asian elephantâ„ ¢s preferred environment across the continent of Asia. Also local communities in Thailand have helped stop the deforestation of trees by putting their spiritual and superstitious to good use and by planting new hard woods ( Animal Adoptions, n.d.). It has also been made illegal to hunt the elephants but some people still do it. References (n.d.). Animal Adoptions. In What is Being Done to Save the Asian Elephant. Retrieved March 12, 2011, from animaladoptions.org.uk/what-is-being-done-to-save-the-asian-elephant. (n.d.). ARKive. In Asian Elephant. Retrieved March 12, 2011, from arkive.org/asian-elephant/elephas-maximus/#text=All. (n.d.). Elephant Information Repository. In About Elephants. Retrieved March 12, 2011, from http://elephant.elehost.com/About_Elephants/about_elephants.htm. WWF. (n.d.). WWF Global. In Asian Elephants. Retrieved March 12, 2011, from http://wwf.panda.org/what_we_do/endangered_species/elephants/asian_elephants/.

Free Essays on Customer And Supplier Requirements - Banking

Customer and Supplier Requirements of First National Bank of Arizona As stated in the Results Training and Development web site, â€Å"Survival in today’s business world depends on a solid customer base and front-line employees who know how to exceed customers’ expectations†. To achieve successful customer service, the business must have the involvement, support, and commitment of the entire organization. First National Bank of Arizona’s mission statement relates to the preceding sentence. It reads, â€Å"To empower our employees to do an outstanding job for our clients, our community and our shareholders by consistently providing innovative, secure and quality financial services and solutions† (First National Bank of Arizona, n.d., para. 1). Each department within the bank has their own system in dealing with internal as well as external customers; for example, the retail branches are more sales-focused where the operations department is data-focused, however, both of these departments are required to work in syne rgy to create positive experiences for the customers. This paper will focus on how internal and external customer and supplier requirements are met within a specific area of First National Bank of Arizona: the Commercial Lending department. Roles of Commercial Lending The Commercial Lending department consists of three teams that include a Loan Specialist, a Financial Analyst, an Underwriter, two Loan Officers and one Team Leader. The Loan Specialist handles the administrative work. The Financial Analyst and the Underwriter position is similar in the degree that they both analyze business and personal financial statements, tax returns, owners and management, market conditions and industry conditions for a business to determine if the possible customer is credit worthy. The reason for the separate titles is because the Underwriter usually has many more years of experience in analyzing credit than a Financial Analyst d... Free Essays on Customer And Supplier Requirements - Banking Free Essays on Customer And Supplier Requirements - Banking Customer and Supplier Requirements of First National Bank of Arizona As stated in the Results Training and Development web site, â€Å"Survival in today’s business world depends on a solid customer base and front-line employees who know how to exceed customers’ expectations†. To achieve successful customer service, the business must have the involvement, support, and commitment of the entire organization. First National Bank of Arizona’s mission statement relates to the preceding sentence. It reads, â€Å"To empower our employees to do an outstanding job for our clients, our community and our shareholders by consistently providing innovative, secure and quality financial services and solutions† (First National Bank of Arizona, n.d., para. 1). Each department within the bank has their own system in dealing with internal as well as external customers; for example, the retail branches are more sales-focused where the operations department is data-focused, however, both of these departments are required to work in syne rgy to create positive experiences for the customers. This paper will focus on how internal and external customer and supplier requirements are met within a specific area of First National Bank of Arizona: the Commercial Lending department. Roles of Commercial Lending The Commercial Lending department consists of three teams that include a Loan Specialist, a Financial Analyst, an Underwriter, two Loan Officers and one Team Leader. The Loan Specialist handles the administrative work. The Financial Analyst and the Underwriter position is similar in the degree that they both analyze business and personal financial statements, tax returns, owners and management, market conditions and industry conditions for a business to determine if the possible customer is credit worthy. The reason for the separate titles is because the Underwriter usually has many more years of experience in analyzing credit than a Financial Analyst d...

Food Allergies & Intolerances in the UK - Current Issues Essay

Food Allergies & Intolerances in the UK - Current Issues - Essay Example In case of tolerance, the patient can take the small quantity of the food without any reaction at all. In opposite, in case of food allergy, even a tiny quantity of food may activate a severe allergy reaction. Symptoms of intolerance will not be much quicker but allergy symptoms to any specific food could be immediate and instant. Both allergy and intolerance can result in a host of unpleasant and terrifying, fierce and probable fatal outcomes. Symptoms can occur over the patient’s body and can result in rashes, swelling of the mouth, wheezing, inflammation and digestive issues. There is no medical cure for these ailments and avoiding the specific food is the only available relief and a key issue is in identifying that particular food correctly (Stracey 2010). FSA (Food Standard Agency) in collaboration with the DEFRA introduced a new law on labelling of allergen which came into effect 13 December 2014 and this is known as Food Information Regulations EU1169/2011.Under this law, fourteen food allergen has to be named in the label if they have been used or if it contains ingredients made from them in pre-packed foods. Further, food manufacturers have required now to emphasis these allergens within the ingredients list. In the case of non-packed food items, such ingredients should be mentioned on a chalkboard, a labelled menu or by orally (Food.gov.uk 2014). The research study by Cochrane et al (2013) in the UK found that the vegetables and fruits were the chief cause of food allergy in adults (26%), eggs in young children (38%), and cow’s milk was the common in school going children(28%). When one’s immune system is puzzled instead of snubbing harmless food proteins, then food allergy happen as it triggers a reaction, which results in the discharge of a chemical known as ‘histamine’. The main culprit is the histamine which causes the typical allergy indications of swelling or hives. Anaphylaxis is the most severe reaction and this may be life-threatening.  Ã‚  

Management and the Cultural Industries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Management and the Cultural Industries - Essay Example Thus, culture is a myriad of different aspects of society including formalized and unofficial systems. (Davey) As culture is evolving constantly by the developments around the society, industries such as the media which include print, radio, television, music, entertainment among others represent the culture of a society and also influence it to a certain extent. These industries, that are known as cultural industries produce cultural texts, which are manifestations of the prevailing, culture for example ‘An American Brat’ by Bapsi Sidhwa is a book that represents the culture of Zoroastrians and how it is affected by moving to a Western country and integrating into a different cultural environment. Cultural industries create cultural texts which can be anything from books to music to newspapers and fashion. In America, during the time of flower power, the music and the fashion represented and promoted the culture of that period expressing harmony and bohemianism. However , cultural industries are influenced by other factors beside the prevailing culture itself such as the political scenario and economic conditions, they are driven by profit and often the texts are dependent on revenue and commercialism rather true creative representations of culture. Thus, this report focuses on the extent to which cultural texts are affected by political and economic factors. Culture and the political economy The political economy approach to culture focuses on how the production and distribution systems governing the cultural industries affect culture and cultural texts. The approach focuses on the interaction of political systems, economics, state institutions, social institutions and everyday life. The political and economic factors in a society determine to a great extent which faces of culture are promoted and which are neglected due to the dependence of cultural industries on revenue and profit and the power wielded by the state. (Kellner, 1999) This approach includes the conflict between the communist and capitalist approach. A capitalist economy would be focused on achieving the most with regards to revenue and thus focus on the popularity and profitability of the text whereas the communist economy would be more sensitive to political power and be restricted by it. However, even in a democratic capitalist setting the state would be involved in media matter regarding products such as cigarettes advertising, thus influencing the content of cultural texts. (Kellner, 1999) THE US AND EUROPEAN APPROACH The two main political economy approaches to cultural texts are the US and the European. The US model is the Schiller-McChesney tradition which focuses on the use of power and information media. The European approach focuses on cultural industries and the ‘commodifying of culture’. It addresses the information and entertainment side and focuses on the creation, production and delivery of cultural texts as well the audience respo nses. It inserts the creators of text; authors, musicians, performers and others in the context of the market. (Cultural Approaches to Economy and the Media, 2010) CULTURAL TEXTS AND GOVERNMENT CONTROL The political economy approach identifies how cultural texts are affected by government control. However, in a free market economy cultural texts generated through cultural industri

Response to Hurricane Katrina Essay Example for Free

Response to Hurricane Katrina Essay On 29 August, 2005 the category 5 huge Hurricane, Hurricane Katrina hit USA land. This natural disaster brought massive flood, damaging the property and resulted into high death toll. Although the projects related to the protection of areas by Hurricane were constructed 60 years ago but this exceptional unexpected disaster was the most terrible one in USA history (GAO-06-934, 2006). The disaster of Hurricane Katrina was beyond the expectation of the officials of the emergency management, which resulted into delay in supporting the effected people and the area by the guards and military. This uncontrolled situation showed the absence of management and lack of the ability to take a quick action by the people responsible to handle the problem because of their unawareness of handling the situation (Cooper Block, 2005). Bureaucratic/ Hierarchical model vs. Network model Professor Charles Wise asserts that effective and efficient running of organizations can be achieved through a combination of strategies and techniques. He further states that the organization must utilize all its resources in order to achieve business goals (Wise, 2006). Wise laid importance for the implication of network model rather than the hierarchical model. He explains that in hierarchical model, the decisions take place at the top level without communicating all the levels of organization and there is no evaluation of the progress. Due to this, flaws and unfavorable situations results at the end. In network model, there is continuous flow of information between the different levels of organization, which brings good results in managing any emergency. Waugh and Streib also laid emphasis on the change in the hierarchical model in which only top management contributes in making the decision (2006). The failure in handling the hurricane Katrina showed the inability and flaw in the decision making of the hierarchical management (Takeda Helms, 2006). Adaptive Management Approach The approach of government organizations of dealing with the natural disaster created a negative impact on the people of America. It showed that serious steps need to be taken in managing any kind of disaster (Schneider, 2005). Applying adaptive management hypothetically following steps should be followed: †¢ All the problems should be discussed with the stakeholders. †¢ There should be no communication gap and the flow of the data should be continuous between all the levels of the organization. †¢ The strategies should be followed and monitored to get positive outcome. †¢ There should be monitored resources. †¢ Policies and procedure should be there and should be consistent. †¢ Activities for the future should be planned and communicated at all level of the organization and different ideas by all should be encouraged. The management approach to deal with the hurricane Katrina should be a strategic approach. People of the effected area should be informed and educated to deal with the situation. They should be moved to the safe place. Instruction should be communicated by the organization through T. V and other mode of communication before the occurrence of the hurricane. There should be a complete planning. Measures and goal should be set to deal with such natural disaster. There should be training provided to the people, responsible to handle the situation. The programs for the affected people and victims to overcome the situation and so that they can get back get back in normal condition should be introduced to deal with any emergency created by natural disaster. Recommended Management Approach An effective management approach utilizes different strategies and tactics in order to reduce or mitigate the impact of a natural disaster. The first step is that adequate preparations must be made for any emergency by the presence of specific contingency plans. Governments must devise long term and short term solutions that can assist in reducing the impact of natural disaster (Wisner, 2004). This could be through the use of technology and administrative regulations that could help and assist people during times of natural disaster. Emergency and civil services must be adequate and competent enough to effectively and efficiently respond to any natural disaster. They must ensure the provision of vital services for people who trapped or injured because of the natural disaster. Stockpiles of essential items and goods must be performed by the local government in order to provide urgent relief to disaster zones. Successful disaster management plans utilize a competent and trained force of volunteers (Wisner, 2004). These volunteers can be instrumental in saving lives and delivering services. Response is the last stage of the disaster management plan as it consists of the provision of emergency and rescue services for people who have been hit by the natural disaster. Conclusion Hurricane Katrina was a natural disaster that severely impacted the people of New Orleans. The poor and slow response by the Bush administration was extensively criticized by the public. The disaster shows the necessity of effective and efficient disaster management programs. These plans must be adequate and competent enough to prevent death and destruction caused by the natural disaster. These programs should effectively utilize a number of rapid emergency and civil services in order to provide relief and aid in the disaster zone. Empirical studies have found evidence that the hierarchical model of organizational change leads to inefficiency and inflexibility. It retards the ability of organizations to effectively respond to emergencies and contingency plans. The network model of organizational change on the other has been found to give autonomy and freedom. This allows staff members to use their creativity and innovation in order to devise solutions for problems. Adaptive management takes a proactive and dynamic approach in resolving problems. It seeks to divide tasks into smaller goals which are distributed to team members. It can be used for disaster management because it efficiently and effectively utilizes and allocates resources. Disaster management must be systematically and methodically planned and arranged by the government. It is essential that reducing or mitigating the threat take place at the first level. Similarly rapid response should be developed by speedy and reliable delivery of services to people living in the disaster zone. References GAO-06934, (2006, September). Hurricane Katrina: Strategic Planning Needed to Guide Future Enhancements Beyond Interim Levee Repairs. Retrieved April, Saturday, 2009, from http://www. gao. gov/new. items/d06934. pdf. Cooper, Christopher, and Robert Jeffrey Block. Disaster: Hurricane Katrina and the failure of Homeland Security. New York: Times Books, 2006. Wise, C. (2006). Organizing for Homeland Security after Katrina: Is Adaptive management Whats Missing? Public Administration Review, 66(302-318). Waugh, W. , Streib, G. (2006). Collaboration and Leadership for Effective Emergency Management. Public Administration Review, 66(p 131- 140). Takeda, Margaret B. , Marilyn M. Helms (2006). Bureaucracy, meet catastrophe: Analysis of the tsunami disaster relief efforts and their implications for global emergency governance. International Journal of Public Sector Management, 19 (204- 217). Schneider, S. (2009). Administrative Breakdowns in the Governmental Response to Hurricane Katrina. Public Administration Review, 65(515-516). Wisner, Ben; P. Blaikie, T. Cannon, and I. Davis (2004). At Risk Natural hazards, people’s vulnerability and disasters Wiltshire: Routledge